Why Do Some Dogs Develop Repetitive Behaviors?*

A new study helps us understand the “why” behind spinning, tail chasing, shadow staring, and other repetitive habits in dogs.

Researchers in Finland surveyed nearly 4,500 pet dogs to find out what makes repetitive behaviors more likely. These behaviors can range from mild quirks to severe habits that harm quality of life or strain the human–dog relationship.

Key findings:

• Behavioral links: Dogs that were more aggressive, hyperactive, or inattentive were also more likely to show repetitive behaviors—similar to how ADHD and OCD overlap in humans.

• Age matters: Young dogs and senior dogs were more prone to repetitive behaviors than middle-aged dogs.

• Exercise helps: Dogs who got less daily exercise were more likely to develop repetitive behaviors.

• Social factors: Dogs living alone (without another dog in the home) and those in larger, busier families were more likely to show these habits.

• Owner experience counts: First-time dog guardians reported more repetitive behaviors in their dogs than experienced owners.

• Breed differences: Some breeds, like German Shepherds and Bull Terriers, were more vulnerable than others, suggesting a genetic component.

What this means for guardians: Repetitive behaviors often stem from a mix of genetics, environment, and stress. While some habits are harmless, others can signal frustration, boredom, or anxiety. Preventing and managing them often comes down to providing enough exercise, mental enrichment, social outlets, and consistent training.

Human Dog Harmony takeaway: Repetitive behaviors aren’t just “quirks”—they’re clues. By understanding the patterns and causes, we can create calmer, more fulfilling lives for our dogs. Whether it’s tailoring exercise routines, building structure at home, or addressing stress, the goal is the same: trust, balance, and harmony.

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5 Ways to Reduce Repetitive Behaviors in Dogs

1. Boost Daily Exercise Many dogs in the study with less than an hour of exercise per day showed more repetitive behaviors. Aim for a mix of walks, play, and sniff-based activities.

2. Add Mental Enrichment Use puzzle toys, scent games, trick training, or food-based enrichment to keep your dog’s brain busy and reduce boredom-driven habits.

3. Provide Social Outlets Dogs living without another canine companion were more likely to develop repetitive habits. If another dog isn’t an option, add safe social interactions through playdates, daycare, or group training.

4. Build Consistency & Calm First-time dog guardians often see more repetitive behaviors. Clear routines, consistent training, and predictable expectations help dogs feel secure.

5. Address Stress Early Repetitive behaviors can be a sign of frustration or anxiety. If your dog starts spinning, licking, or chasing shadows, pause and ask: What’s missing—exercise, structure, enrichment, or downtime? Then make small adjustments.

👉 Human Dog Harmony takeaway: Repetitive behaviors are signals, not stubbornness. By tuning into your dog’s needs and making small changes, you can replace stress with balance and strengthen your bond.

*Source: Sulkama, S., Salonen, M., Mikkola, S., Hakanen, E., Puurunen, J., Araujo, C., & Lohi, H. (2022). Aggressiveness, ADHD-like behaviour, and environment influence repetitive behaviour in dogs. Scientific Reports, 12, 3520. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-07437-8